A focus group is a small group of participants who are recruited and assembled to participate in a research thematic area where the discussion is well moderated by a trained subject expert.

In-depth interviews involve conducting intensive individual interviews with an individual or a small number of participants to explore their deep perspectives on a particular theme or topic.

Ethnographic research is a qualitative method where researchers observe and/or interact with participants in participants’ real-life environment. This can be research that takes a cultural lens to the study of people’s lives within their communities among many aspects. Immersions refers to a deep-level personal involvement of a researcher so as to clearly understand all aspects of the study.

A workshop/forum is a period of discussion or practical work on a particular topic or subject in which a group of participants share their knowledge or experience with an expert moderating the discussion.

Mystery shopping involves using a well-trained researcher who poses as a customer or consumer to collect research information required. The mystery shopper poses as a normal customer and is given a specific task by asking relevant questions for the research.

Desk research is another name for secondary research which involves a summary, collation and/or synthesis of existing research as a source of data for analysis.